Factors related to clinical and educational management of patients in the pre and post-heart transplant period: an integrative review

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the recommendations for therapeutic and educational approaches in patient care in the pre- and post-heart transplant period. Methods: This is an integrative review based on the PICO strategy, carried out with 12 articles generated thrçough research in the LILACS databases; MEDLINE; BDENF; IBECS; BINACIS and COLECIONASUS in August 2019. Results: The work of a multidisciplinary team specialized in transplantation and health education is recommended. A higher level of education, a better cognitive condition and high levels of social satisfaction are predictive of an increase in the years of post-transplant survival. The main aspects to be worked on are: heart failure action and its impact on the organism, available treatments, recovery period, exam routines and follow-up. Conclusion: In view of the complexity of the theme, a specialized assistance team and reflection on the inclusion of cardiopath and family members in the process is necessary. Psychological support generates better results and treatment adherence.