Effects of bariatric surgery on perinatal results in pregnancy classified as high risk

Abstract

Objective: To analyze maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women after bariatric surgery and classified as high risk. Method: This is an epidemiological, observational, and retrospective study, with a quantitative approach, based on secondary data from 4,293 high-risk pregnant women at a specialized outpatient clinic in southern Brazil. Of this total, 50 pregnant women had bariatric surgery as a pre-existing condition (case group), and given the characteristics of age, marital status and schooling, the control group was homogenized for comparison in the study, resulting in 150 pregnant women. The independent variable will be the pre-existing clinical condition of bariatric surgery. The outcome variables will be prematurity, low birth weight, Apgar <7 in the 1st and 5th minutes, fetal death, neonatal death and type of delivery. Results: When comparing the control group with pregnant women who had previous bariatric surgery, there was an increased relative risk for Apgar score below 7 in the 1st minute. Conclusion: Based on the analysis of the data obtained, it is concluded that bariatric surgery as a pre-existing clinical condition in high-risk pregnant women does not negatively influence perinatal results. However, prenatal and puerperium follow-up must be carried out by a multidisciplinary and trained team that recognizes any possible complications early.