Fitocanabinoides Derivados de Cannabis sativa na Psoríase: Efeitos Sobre Inflamação e Hiperproliferação Epidérmica

Mariana Adverse; Júlia Guimarães; Júlia Fonsêca; Evelynn Melo; Gustavo Diniz

doi:10.36489/nursing.2026v32i341p22548-22565

Autores/as

Mariana Adverse Centro Universitário de Belo Horizonte https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0933-2775
Júlia Guimarães Centro Universitário Euro-Americano https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3652-8030
Júlia Fonsêca Universidade Nove de Julho https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1189-3003
Evelynn Melo Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8621-1171
Gustavo Diniz Faculdade Asgard

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36489/nursing.2026v32i341p22548-22565

Palabras clave:

Psoriasis, Cannabinoides, Cannabidiol, Inflamación, Proliferación Celular

Resumen

Objetivo: Analizar críticamente los efectos de los fitocannabinoides derivados de Cannabis sativa sobre la inflamación y la hiperproliferación epidérmica en la psoriasis.

Método: Se realizó una revisión integradora de la literatura mediante búsquedas en las bases PubMed/MEDLINE y PubMed Central, complementadas con rastreo manual de las referencias de los estudios seleccionados, abarcando publicaciones de 2016 a 2026, priorizando el período 2021-2026 e incluyendo excepcionalmente un estudio seminal anterior. Se seleccionaron estudios in vitro, preclínicos y clínicos sobre mecanismos moleculares, respuesta inflamatoria y homeostasis epidérmica.

Resultados: El cannabidiol, compuesto más investigado, modula receptores cannabinoides y objetivos no clásicos, atenúa las vías NF-κB y JAK/STAT, reduce mediadores del eje IL-23/IL-17 y ejerce efectos antiproliferativos, antioxidantes y promotores de la diferenciación. Sin embargo, predominan las evidencias experimentales, mientras que los estudios clínicos son escasos, heterogéneos y muestran beneficios modestos.

Conclusión: Los fitocannabinoides presentan potencial terapéutico, pero su aplicación clínica requiere ensayos controlados, con formulaciones estandarizadas, biomarcadores tisulares y evaluación prolongada de la eficacia y la seguridad.

Biografía del autor/a

Mariana Adverse, Centro Universitário de Belo Horizonte

Graduanda em Medicina no Centro Universitário de Belo Horizonte (UNIBH)

Júlia Guimarães, Centro Universitário Euro-Americano

Graduanda em Medicina no Centro Universitário Euro-Americano (UNIEURO)

Júlia Fonsêca, Universidade Nove de Julho

Graduanda em Medicina na Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE)

Evelynn Melo, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

Mestre pela Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)

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